Concepts of Botany

General Concepts in Plant Diversity                     The scientific study of plants is called botany. The term botany has been
derived from Latin word Botane meaning pasture. Previously, it was also called
as phytology because in Greek, the word phyton is used for plant. So, study of
plants was called as phytology.
Botany involves the study of plants in all respects including morphology,
anatomy, cytology, histology, taxonomy, physiology, genetics, phylogeny and
evolution. A Plant can be defined as, Eukaryotic, multicellular,
non-motile, spore producing, chlorophyllous, autotrophic or photosynthetic
organism develops from embryo and having cellulosic cell wall.
   In past, two kingdom
systems were adopted and all the photosynthetic, spore producing, non-motile organisms
having cell wall or having at least one character of these were classified as
plants. This kingdom was known as kingdom Plantae. Examples include were green
plants, bacteria, algae and fungi. The other kingdom was kingdom Animalia that included
all motile, heterotrophic organisms which do not have cell wall. Examples
include were multicellular animals, protozoans etc. However, with the passage
of time and advancement in studies about the various groups of organisms and
discovery of nucleus in plant and animal cells and its absence in bacteria had
changed the criteria of classifications. The five kingdom system was proposed
by Robert Whittaker. Read detail in file⟱